The Democratic Republic of Congo supports Chinese battery companies

The mineral-rich Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) is often portrayed as a victim of exploitation by China, the US and Europe in their competition for its minerals, which are critical for the ene...

Guide
Mar 15, 2026

Is the US subverting China''s influence in the DRC?

In the battle for resources in the clean energy race, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) stands as a critical piece of the puzzle, holding access to

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Mar 02, 2026

The Dark Side of Congo''s Cobalt Rush

In June, 2014, a man began digging into the soft red earth in the back yard of his house, on the outskirts of Kolwezi, a city in the southern Democratic Republic of the Congo.As the man later told

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Jul 30, 2025

How ''modern-day slavery'' in the Congo powers the rechargeable battery

Phone and electric car batteries are made with cobalt mined in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Cobalt Red author Siddharth Kara describes the conditions for workers as a "horror show."

Guide
Oct 09, 2025

Democratic Republic of the Congo

Since then, the GDRC has established five new SEZs, which have a 60 (3/5) percent occupancy rate, currently dominated by Indian companies, including a Pepsi bottler, pharmaceutical producers, and Chinese companies specializing in the production of ceramic tiles and the production and sale of GAC GA3s (Chinese) automobiles.

Guide
Dec 24, 2025

Pericentricity on the Congolese copperbelt: how the

Through the case of cobalt from the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), we examine the role of local politics in critical mineral sourcing and its implications for the lead processing and battery manufacturing industry in

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Feb 09, 2026

Chinese Miner Takes Glencore''s Cobalt Crown as Output Jumps

China''s CMOC Group boosted its cobalt output by more than 170% last year, with surging production at a new mine in the Democratic Republic of Congo helping the company leapfrog Glencore Plc as

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Jan 08, 2026

China, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and

During a 42-fold increase in China''s cobalt refinery production from 1999 through 2005, the country that historically mined most of the world''s cobalt—the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)—had just begun to rise from a

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May 10, 2026

(PDF) China''s investment in the Democratic Republic of Congo:

The relationship between China and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) relations provides a unique case to test China''s win-win policy with African countries. China agreed to provide its financial support valued at US$ 9 billion in exchange for mines. Using historical and comparative methods, findings reveal that the Chinese presence

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Nov 08, 2025

DRC Industry Minister Meets With Two Key Chinese

A meeting last week between a pair of senior Chinese executives and the DR Congo''s Industry Minister, Julien Paluku, hints that the government is moving to expand domestic processing of raw materials used to

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Mar 23, 2026

MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING Among the THE

THE REPUBLIC OF ZAMBIA. Concerning. SUPPORT FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A VALUE CHAIN IN THE ELECTRIC VEHICLE BATTERY SECTOR. The United States of America (the “United States”), the Democratic Republic of the Congo (the “DRC”), and the Republic of Zambia (“Zambia”) (hereinafter collectively referred to individually

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Aug 09, 2025

Chinese cobalt producer to double Congo output with

DALIAN, China -- China Molybdenum, the world''s second-leading producer of cobalt, plans to roughly double its output to meet growing demand for the key battery material, with an eye on

Guide
Sep 23, 2025

U.S. Relations With Democratic Republic of the Congo

More information about the Democratic Republic of the Congo is available on the Democratic Republic of the Congo Page and from other Department of State publications and other sources listed at the end of this fact sheet. U.S.-DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO RELATIONS. U.S. relations with the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), led by

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Mar 23, 2026

Cover Story: China Digs In to Boost Mining in Democratic Republic of Congo

By Luo Guoping and Denise Jia In the southern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), the Katanga Plateau embodies Africa''s vast untapped potential, hosting the world''s largest copper mine, Tenke Fungurume Mining (TFM). Twice the size of New York City, and driven by Chinese metals giant CMOC Group Ltd. and local state-owned miner Gecamines, the

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Jun 04, 2026

Apple accused by Congo over conflict minerals in iPhones

The Democratic Republic of Congo has accused Apple of using illegally exported minerals from the war-torn east of the country, challenging the iPhone maker''s assertions that it carefully

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Nov 22, 2025

China in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: A New Dynamic

Of the 10 largest mines, half are owned by Chinese companies. 5 In refining cobalt, the position of Chinese state-owned enterprises is similarly dominant: Their refineries

Guide
Jul 29, 2025

Due Diligence in Mineral Supply Chains from the Democratic Republic

Companies like Tesla are under increasing scrutiny to take responsibility for environmental and human rights violations along their supply chains. Global supply chains are complex and intertwined, but many eyes are focused on places like the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), where raw minerals such as cobalt (critical for lithium-ion

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Oct 15, 2025

Producing Battery Materials in the DRC Could Lower Supply

Study identifies DRC as a favorable destination for the manufacturing of sustainable battery materials used in high-nickel batteries London and Kinshasa, November 24, 2021 – The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) can leverage its abundant cobalt resources and hydroelectric power to become a low-cost and low-emissions producer of lithium-ion

Guide
Sep 30, 2025

The human cost of cobalt: Modern slavery in the Democratic Republic

The Democratic Republic of the Congo holds the world''s largest supplies of this key metal. And it''s the largest producer. The use of child labor, in some instances, in the Democratic Republic of the Congo to produce cobalt has become a large concern for automakers, regulators, and policy makers across the globe.

Guide
May 08, 2026

DRC influence over the cobalt industry

The Democratic Republic of Congo is the world''s major supplier of cobalt, used in electric vehicle batteries, and is asserting its rights as an equal partner in the renewable energy transition.

Guide
Jun 05, 2026

''Cobalt Red'' describes the ''horror show'' of mining the element in

Phone and electric car batteries are made with cobalt mined in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Cobalt Red author Siddharth Kara describes the conditions for workers as a "horror show."

Guide
Jan 17, 2026

Cobalt and Corruption: The Influence of Multinational

The history of the Democratic Republic of the Congo is littered with foreign influence and corruption. While colonial forces sought for diamonds and rubber, the nation''s abundance of cobalt, a key metal in cellphone and

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Sep 21, 2025

US bill aims to counter China control of Congo critical minerals

Bloomberg News | July 13, 2023 | 7:38 am Battery Metals Africa to secure supply chains of critical minerals from Democratic Republic of Congo. of Chinese companies in the extraction

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Jul 10, 2025

US Blames China''s CMOC for Predatory Tactics Behind Cobalt Glut

China''s CMOC Group Ltd. is being accused by a top US official of using “predatory” tactics to depress prices of a key battery metal by flooding the market with cobalt from Democratic Republic of Congo mines. “What we''re seeing now, I feel, is a variation of predatory pricing,” Jose Fernandez, Under Secretary for Economic Growth, Energy, and the

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Aug 05, 2025

China, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and artisanal

Download Citation | China, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and artisanal cobalt mining from 2000 through 2020 | From 2000 through 2020, demand for cobalt to manufacture batteries grew 26-fold.

Guide
Sep 30, 2025

CHINESE MINING OPERATIONS IN KATANGA

In 2007 RAID produced a briefing paper entitled Advice to Chinese Companies Operating in the Mining Sector in Africa in which some of the human rights issues that had confronted Chinese-owned mining companies and factories in Zambia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) were discussed,

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Mar 09, 2026

The human cost of cobalt: Modern slavery in the

The Democratic Republic of the Congo holds the world''s largest supplies of this key metal. And it''s the largest producer. The use of child labor, in some instances, in the Democratic Republic of the Congo to produce cobalt

Guide
Mar 30, 2026

Producing Battery Materials in the DRC Could Lower

London and Kinshasa, November 24, 2021 – The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) can leverage its abundant cobalt resources and hydroelectric power to become a low-cost and low-emissions producer of

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Dec 30, 2025

Chinese Companies in the Extractive Industries of Gabon

The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) became a candidate country in February 2008 and has issued an EITI work plan, but is yet to produce an EITI report. As a result of China''s growing interaction with the African continent, the country is an important

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Sep 03, 2025

The Cost of Producing Battery Precursors in the DRC

to conduct a study on the production of battery precursors in the lead up to the DRC-Africa Business Forum. The objective of this study is to determine the cost of producing lithium-ion battery precursors in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and benchmark the cost to that of the U.S., China and Poland. In addition to the cost, the study

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Jan 11, 2026

Transforming the Battery Industry: The Role of the Democratic

Satellite images support accounts of such practices, particularly in the Democratic Republic of Congo and China''s Xinjiang region. By enforcing these standards, regulators aim to dismantle

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Nov 06, 2025

Chinese companies to invest up to $7bn in Congo mining

Chinese construction companies will invest up to $7-billion in infrastructure projects as part of an agreement over their Sicomines copper and cobalt joint venture in the Democratic Republic of

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Jul 21, 2025

The human cost of cobalt: Modern slavery in the Democratic Republic

Most of the world''s cobalt is extracted in the Democratic Republic of Congo. But to get it, hundreds of thousands of Congolese people labor with no other means to survive. On episode three of On

Guide
Jul 12, 2025

DR Congo could defuse China''s EV battery dominance

The mineral-rich Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) is often portrayed as a victim of exploitation by China, the US and Europe in their competition for its minerals, which

Guide
Sep 11, 2025

China in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: A New Dynamic

In 2016, Arizonan mining company Freeport-McMoRan Inc. sold Tenke Fungurume, a copper- and cobalt-mining site, to China Molybdenum Company Limited. In 2020, Freeport-McMoRan Inc. made another sale of an undeveloped copper and cobalt site to China Molybdenum Company Limited. In both cases, the only companies with competitive bids were

Guide
Aug 28, 2025

Blood Batteries

Unfortunately, the Democratic Republic of Congo is pervaded by conflict, poverty and corruption. The country''s economy is completely dependent on mining. Many poor families are completely

Guide
Apr 24, 2026

How Congo wields huge power over the global battery

The mineral-rich Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is often portrayed as a victim of exploitation by China, the US and Europe in their competition for its minerals, which are critical for the energy transition. But

Guide
Jun 22, 2026

Cobalt Mining in the Democratic Republic of the Congo:

4 COBALT MINING IN THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO: ADDRESSING ROOT CAUSES OF HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES global cobalt demand. That demand is projected to increase four-fold by 2030, even as many auto companies are already beginning to reduce the

Guide
Nov 12, 2025

China, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and artisanal

During a 42-fold increase in China''s cobalt refinery production from 1999 through 2005, the country that historically mined most of the world''s cobalt—the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)—had just begun to rise from a socioeconomic collapse and two African wars over its territory and resources () fore these crises, DRC copper–cobalt mines were industrial (also

Guide
May 21, 2026

China digs in to boost mining in Democratic Republic of Congo

Holding 15% of global copper deposits and over 50% of cobalt reserves, with grades far surpassing China''s own resources, the Democratic Republic of Congo''s underdeveloped copper-cobalt belt is a prime opportunity for latecomer Chinese investors.

Guide
Aug 07, 2025

Cover Story: China Digs In to Boost Mining in Democratic Republic of Congo

Stacks of copper plates at China Nonferrous Mining Corp. Ltd.''s Lualaba Copper Smelter. China-based metal extractors view copper as a secure long-term investment because of its relatively fixed mining costs and upward price trends, which motivates them to pursue expansion and monetization as quickly as possible, an executive at a Chinese smelter

Guide
Mar 02, 2026

Will the EU help build a cobalt refinery in the Democratic

green transition dependencies on China by building a Global Gateway cobalt processing plant in the DRC? The DRC''s cobalt in China''s hands . The . Democratic Republic of the Congo is among the world''s richest countr in natural resourcesies . An estimated US$24 trillion worth of mineral deposits remain untapped, including the world''s largest coltan

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Jul 16, 2025

Cover Story: China Digs In to Boost Mining in Democratic Republic of Congo

CMOC Group Ltd. CMOC Group Ltd. is a Chinese metals giant managing the Tenke Fungurume Mining (TFM) in the Democratic Republic of Congo. It retained an 80% stake in TFM after a two-year negotiation with the DRC government, agreeing to

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Oct 17, 2025

The U.S.-Zambia-DRC Agreement on EV Batteries Production:

The United States, Zambia, and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) on the electric vehicle (EV) batteries industries in December 2022. This agreement, “Memorandum of Understanding among the United States of America, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and the the Republic of Zambia Concerning

Guide
Dec 18, 2025

U.S.-DRC Workshop Supports Development of Value Chain for

KINSHASA – From September 25-26, the United States and DRC governments, in partnership with SAFE''s Center for Critical Minerals Strategy, held a workshop in Kinshasa to support the DRC''s efforts to develop a value chain in the electric vehicle (EV) battery sector and connect the DRC Battery Council with U.S. and private sector expertise.

6 Frequently Asked Questions about “The Democratic Republic of Congo supports Chinese battery companies”

Can the Democratic Republic of the Congo produce lithium-ion battery cathode precursor materials?

London and Kinshasa, November 24, 2021 – The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) can leverage its abundant cobalt resources and hydroelectric power to become a low-cost and low-emissions producer of lithium-ion battery cathode precursor materials.

Does the Democratic Republic of the Congo influence the cobalt market?

The mineral-rich Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) is often portrayed as a victim of exploitation by China, the US and Europe in their competition for its minerals, which are critical for the energy transition. But our research has found that the DRC can influence the shape of the cobalt market, in which it is the single largest producer.

Is the Democratic Republic of the Congo a victim of exploitation?

An artisanal miner holds a cobalt stone at the Shabara artisanal mine near Kolwezi. Junior Kannah/AFP via Getty Images The mineral-rich Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) is often portrayed as a victim of exploitation by China, the US and Europe in their competition for its minerals, which are critical for the energy transition.

Should lithium-ion batteries be expanded to DRC and Africa?

“As substantiated by the BloombergNEF report, the prospect of the expanding the value chain of development of lithium-ion batteries and electric vehicles value chains to DRC and Africa is both financially and environmentally appealing,” commented Dr. Sidi Ould Tah, Director General of the Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa (BADEA).

Will China start a precursor factory in the DRC?

In line with risks identified in the Congolese mining sector and increasingly in Chinese operations, the deal addresses issues of corruption and poor practices and highlights the potential to establish precursor manufacturing in the DRC (US State Department, 2023).

Do Chinese mining companies control cobalt deposits in the DRC?

Though Chinese mining companies, both private and state-owned, control vast cobalt deposits in the DRC, our research concluded that the DRC can exert significant influence over the wider industry.

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