Renewable energy is the most prominent sustainable rescue to satisfy the present-day increasing energy demand. Storage technology must also mature to complement its large-scale integration feasibility and mitigate intermittent, unpredictable, and unscheduled electricity sources. With the enhancement in technology and sustainability impact, battery. Modeling of BESSElectrical equivalent-thermal circuit modelDegradation modelBattery thermal management systemCodes and standards for BESSAccidentsEV Electric vehicleES Energy storageBESS Battery energy storage systemEOL End of lifeBTM Behind-the-meterPV In the present-day world, energy consumption (mostly per capita electricity) is a significant index for determining the state of development achieved. Energy is one of the major driving forces to change from an underdeveloped to a developing economy or from a developing economy to a developed one. Providing an uninterrupted supply of electricity and the development of renewable sources in the sector offers a substantial role for energy storage (ES). A significant revolution is taking place in our energy infrastructure. Integrity of the grid is being threatened by changes in the energy supply brought on by an influx of surplus energy from renewable sources like wind and solar. For supply and demand to be balanced and variations to be absorbed, energy storage is crucial. Storage of energy has been a part of ancient society. Batteries have been around as early as the 1800s. Hydropower with pumped hydro energy storage was employed in the US around the 1920s. However, there has been a marked increase in the building of new energy storage projects and the development of better energy storage technologies due to the desire for a more dynamic and cleaner grid. According to the International Energy Association (IEA), across the globe, 266 GW of storage would be required by 2030, up from 176.5 GW in 2017, to keep global warming below 2 °C (IEA, 2022). Significant factors for the applicability of a particular ESs are geographical location, the area required, initial capital investment, associated. ES technologies are broadly classified as Mechanical, Electrochemical, Electrical, Thermal, and Chemical (Hydrogen) electrochemical based on stored energy. The majority of the ES installed all round the globe belongs to the mechanical and electrochemical group. Mechanical ES can be further subdivided into pumped hydro, compressed air, and flywheel. Lead acid, advanced lead acid, and Li-ion based electrochemical ES has wide application and are established technology used in industry and research. Flow batteries, Sodium ion, and Zinc based batteries are promising technologies with huge potential for large-scale application.Determination of suitable ES technology for a particular case requires various factors to be considered, the most essential being specific energy, specific power, power density, energy density, self-discharge rate, efficiency, cycle life, lifespan, energy capital cost, power capital cost, scale, application, environmental impact, and technical maturity.PHES has dominated the global ES field and accounts for about 96% of the total capacity. Despite its dependency on a wide range of factors, varying from geographical to ecological, natural to economical, it is the most suitable ES for providing peak-load electricity for a primarily fossil fuel or nuclear generation s.